Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 10, 2026
06:08
Semi-Automated Isolation of the Stromal Vascular Fraction from Murine White Adipose Tissue Using a Tissue Dissociator
Published on: May 19, 2023
[What about the controversy regarding rosiglitazone]
A J Scheen1, J De Flines, N Paquot
1Université de Liège, Département de Médecine, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgique.
Revue Medicale De Liege
|October 31, 2007
Summary
Rosiglitazone (Avandia), an antidiabetic drug, has faced controversy regarding heart risks. Current evidence from clinical trials and databases suggests a more favorable cardiovascular safety profile than initially suspected.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Rosiglitazone (Avandia) is an oral antidiabetic agent used for type 2 diabetes.
- Concerns regarding potential cardiovascular complications associated with rosiglitazone have been raised.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the recent controversy surrounding rosiglitazone's cardiovascular safety.
- To critically evaluate conflicting evidence from meta-analyses, clinical trials, and database studies.
Main Methods:
- Review of a meta-analysis suggesting increased coronary complications.
- Analysis of interim results from the RECORD (Rosiglitazone Evaluation of Cardiovascular Treatment and Outcome) trial.
- Examination of data from large US databases comparing cardiovascular outcomes across different antidiabetic drugs.
Main Results:
- Initial meta-analysis indicated a possible excess of coronary events.
- The RECORD trial's interim analysis showed more favorable cardiovascular outcomes.
- US database studies provided reassuring data on cardiovascular prognosis with various antidiabetic treatments.
Conclusions:
- The cardiovascular safety profile of rosiglitazone requires careful consideration of all available evidence.
- Recommendations are provided based on the current understanding and regulatory statements.
- The article aims to guide clinical practice regarding rosiglitazone use in type 2 diabetes management.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood glucose levels...
01:06Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively manages...
01:24Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...
01:23Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a significant...
01:19Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are typically...
Acarbose and miglitol are typically...
01:26Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia is a blood glucose level below 70 mg/dL. It commonly occurs in individuals using insulin or insulin-secreting drugs, but may also arise in non-diabetic conditions. People with type 1 diabetes are at the highest risk because they depend on exogenous insulin. People with type 2 diabetes are also at risk, especially when treated with insulin or medications such as sulfonylureas, which increase insulin release regardless of blood glucose levels. It develops when insulin levels exceed...