Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cell Signaling in Plants

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...

MAPK Signaling Cascades

MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...

Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Association analysis of germline variants in GEN1 with a susceptibility to prostate cancer in Polish men.

Hereditary cancer in clinical practice·2026

Same author

Germline ATRIP variants and the risk of ovarian cancer.

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics·2026

Same author

The contribution of rare germline variants to the immune landscape of breast cancer.

Genome medicine·2026

Same author

Periostin and KIM-1 as Fibrosis-Related Markers Associated with CKD Stage in Children.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026

Same author

Nephrocalcinosis in a Child with Sotos Syndrome: A Case Report of Contiguous Gene Syndrome Encompassing <i>NSD1</i> and <i>SLC34A1</i> Genes.

Journal of clinical medicine·2025

Same author

Genome-wide association study of 398,238 women unveils seven loci associated with high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

NPJ genomic medicine·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes

Published on: February 22, 2014

[Plant receptor kinases].

Anna Jakubowska¹, Maciej Ostrowski, Stanisław Kowalczyk

¹Zakład Biochemii, Instytut Biologii Ogólnej i Molekularnej, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopemika, ul. Gagarina 9, 87-100 Toruń. anjakubo@uni.torun.pl

Postepy Biochemii

|November 1, 2007

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Plant receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are crucial proteins involved in growth and interactions. Identifying their specific ligands and understanding downstream pathways remain key research challenges.

More Related Videos

Pattern-Triggered Oxidative Burst and Seedling Growth Inhibition Assays in Arabidopsis thaliana

Pattern-Triggered Oxidative Burst and Seedling Growth Inhibition Assays in Arabidopsis thaliana

Published on: May 21, 2019

Imaging Spatial Reorganization of a MAPK Signaling Pathway Using the Tobacco Transient Expression System

Imaging Spatial Reorganization of a MAPK Signaling Pathway Using the Tobacco Transient Expression System

Published on: March 20, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes

Published on: February 22, 2014

Pattern-Triggered Oxidative Burst and Seedling Growth Inhibition Assays in Arabidopsis thaliana

Pattern-Triggered Oxidative Burst and Seedling Growth Inhibition Assays in Arabidopsis thaliana

Published on: May 21, 2019

Imaging Spatial Reorganization of a MAPK Signaling Pathway Using the Tobacco Transient Expression System

Imaging Spatial Reorganization of a MAPK Signaling Pathway Using the Tobacco Transient Expression System

Published on: March 20, 2016

Area of Science:

Plant biology
Molecular genetics
Biochemistry

Background:

Plant genomes encode numerous receptor-like kinases (RLKs), transmembrane proteins with diverse extracellular domains.
RLKs are structurally related to animal kinases but possess unique extracellular regions.
Over 20 classes of plant RLKs are known, suggesting a wide range of molecular binding capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the current understanding of plant receptor-like kinases (RLKs).
To highlight the known functions of RLKs in various biological processes.
To identify the major challenges in RLK research.

Main Methods:

Genome-wide analysis of plant receptor-like kinase genes.
Comparative structural analysis with animal kinase families.
Literature review of characterized RLK functions and ongoing research challenges.

Main Results:

Plant genomes contain a vast number of RLK genes, indicating significant functional diversity.
RLKs play roles in plant growth, development, self-incompatibility, hormone signaling, and microbe interactions.
Despite functional insights, many RLKs remain uncharacterized.

Conclusions:

Significant knowledge gaps exist regarding RLK ligand identification and downstream pathway elucidation.
Further research is needed to fully understand the roles and mechanisms of plant RLKs.
Characterizing RLKs is essential for advancing plant science and biotechnology.