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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Detection of Neuritic Plaques in Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model
06:02

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Published on: July 26, 2011

How to identify patients with vulnerable plaques.

Salim S Virani1, Christie M Ballantyne

  • 1Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine; and Texas Heart Institute, St Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.

Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
|November 1, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Identifying vulnerable patients is a less invasive strategy for predicting cardiovascular events. This review explores risk assessment tools, biomarkers like C-reactive protein, and non-invasive measures for high-risk patient identification.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Cardiovascular events pose a significant health burden.
  • Identifying high-risk patients is crucial for effective prevention strategies.
  • Current methods include plaque identification and patient assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the utility and limitations of global risk assessment tools for identifying vulnerable patients.
  • To discuss the role of biomarkers and non-invasive measures in risk stratification.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of strategies for high-risk cardiovascular event identification.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical strategies for cardiovascular risk assessment.
  • Analysis of global risk assessment tools.
  • Evaluation of biomarkers: C-reactive protein, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2), lipoprotein(a).
  • Assessment of non-invasive measures: coronary artery calcium scores, carotid intima-media thickness, ankle-brachial index.

Main Results:

  • Vulnerable patient identification is less invasive and broadly applicable compared to vulnerable plaque identification.
  • Global risk assessment tools offer a practical approach to identifying at-risk individuals.
  • Biomarkers and non-invasive measures provide valuable, complementary data for risk stratification.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying vulnerable patients is a key strategy in cardiovascular event prevention.
  • A combination of global risk assessment, biomarkers, and non-invasive imaging enhances risk identification.
  • These approaches aid clinicians in managing patients at high risk for cardiovascular events.