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Sensitization to human milk.

U Schulmeister1, I Swoboda, S Quirce

  • 1Institute of Clinical and Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|November 1, 2007
PubMed
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Milk allergy can extend to human milk proteins, affecting over 80% of allergic individuals. This cross-reactivity, identified through IgE immunoblotting and skin testing, highlights the need for diagnostic evaluation of human milk allergy.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Milk allergy is a common early-onset IgE-mediated allergy affecting approximately 2.5% of newborns.
  • Emerging evidence suggests milk-allergic individuals may also exhibit sensitization to human milk proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specificity and biological significance of IgE antibody responses to human milk antigens in patients with milk allergy.
  • To determine if sensitization to human milk is a genuine phenomenon or due to cross-reactivity with cow's milk proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized IgE immunoblotting with sera from milk-allergic children and adults to analyze IgE reactivity to cow's milk and human milk antigens.
  • Employed immunoblot inhibition assays to study IgE cross-reactivity between different milk antigens.

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  • Conducted skin testing to confirm the biological relevance of IgE reactivity to human milk.

    • Main Results:

    • Over 80% of milk-allergic patients demonstrated IgE antibodies against human milk proteins.
    • Identified specific human milk antigens, including alpha-lactalbumin, involved in cross-reactive and non-cross-reactive IgE binding.
    • Skin tests confirmed that IgE reactivity to human milk can elicit immediate-type allergic reactions.

    Conclusions:

    • IgE reactivity to human milk in milk-allergic patients can result from both cross-sensitization and genuine sensitization.
    • Sensitization to human milk is a prevalent issue in milk-allergic individuals and may manifest as allergic symptoms.
    • Clinical evaluation and monitoring for IgE-mediated sensitization to human milk are recommended for affected patients.