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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area. This equation is...
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The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical indicator of kidney health, reflecting how well the kidneys filter blood. Changes in GFR can signal potential kidney impairment, necessitating accurate measurement methods to monitor kidney function effectively.Various molecules can serve as markers for GFR measurement, with the ideal marker meeting several specific criteria. It must freely filter at the glomerulus, avoid reabsorption or secretion by the renal tubules, remain unmetabolized, not...
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The Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function, reflecting the volume of filtrate formed per minute in the kidneys. On average, GFR is approximately 125 mL/min in males and 105 mL/min in females. Maintaining a relatively constant GFR is essential for the kidneys to effectively regulate body fluid homeostasis and maintain extracellular stability.
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Physiology Lab Demonstration: Glomerular Filtration Rate in a Rat
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Glomerular filtration rate estimates decrease during high altitude expedition but increase with Lake Louise acute

J Pichler1, L Risch, U Hefti

  • 1Center of Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital, Aarau, Switzerland.

Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England)
|November 1, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) significantly declines with increasing altitude, with higher acute mountain sickness (AMS) scores correlating with higher GFR. Individuals with low GFR should exercise caution at high altitudes.

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Area of Science:

  • Altitude physiology
  • Renal function
  • High-altitude medicine

Background:

  • Acute mountain sickness (AMS) involves microvascular changes and edema.
  • Limited data exists on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) changes above 5000m.
  • Understanding renal function at extreme altitudes is crucial for mountaineer safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in estimated GFR (eGFR) in healthy individuals ascending above 5000m.
  • To determine the relationship between eGFR, AMS severity, and physiological markers.
  • To assess the impact of different acclimatization protocols on renal function at high altitude.

Main Methods:

  • 34 healthy mountaineers participated in a high-altitude expedition (Muztagh Ata, 7549m).
  • eGFR was measured using cystatin C and creatinine at various altitudes (450m to 6865m).
  • Lake Louise AMS scores and other physiological parameters were recorded.

Main Results:

  • eGFR significantly decreased with increasing altitude, showing a linear decline of approximately 3.1 mL/min/1.73m² per 1000m ascent.
  • Cystatin C-based eGFR showed a significant decrease between base camp (4497m) and Camp 3 (6865m).
  • Higher AMS scores were significantly associated with higher eGFR, and eGFR correlated with hematocrit.

Conclusions:

  • Renal function, specifically eGFR, declines during ascent to high altitudes.
  • Cystatin C-based eGFR decreases with altitude but increases with AMS severity.
  • Individuals with eGFR below 40 mL/min/1.73m² should be cautious when traveling above 4500m.