Related Experiment Videos
Detrimental and protective bystander effects: a model approach
H Schöllnberger1, R E J Mitchel, J L Redpath
1Department of Materials Engineering and Physics and Biophysics, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. helmut.schoellnberger@sbg.ac.at
Abstract:
This work integrates two important cellular responses to low doses, detrimental bystander effects and apoptosis-mediated protective bystander effects, into a multistage model for chromosome aberrations and in vitro neoplastic transformation: the State-Vector Model. The new models were tested on representative data sets that show supralinear or U-shaped dose responses. The original model without the new low-dose features was also tested for consistency with LNT-shaped dose responses. Reductions of in vitro neoplastic transformation frequencies below the spontaneous level have been reported after exposure of cells to low doses of low-LET radiation. In the current study, this protective effect is explained with bystander-induced apoptosis. An important data set that shows a low-dose detrimental bystander effect for chromosome aberrations was successfully fitted by additional terms within the cell initiation stage. It was found that this approach is equivalent to bystander-induced clonal expansion of initiated cells. This study is an important step toward a comprehensive model that contains all essential biological mechanisms that can influence dose-response curves at low doses.
Related Concept Videos
Bystander Effect
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
Deindividuation
Bullying
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
Pharmacodynamic Models: Additive and Proportional Drug Effect Model