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Utilization of positive deviance analysis in evaluating community-based nutrition programs: an application to the
F James Levinson1, Jessica Barney, Lucy Bassett
1Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave., Boston, MA 02111, USA. james.levinson@tufts.edu
Food and Nutrition Bulletin
|November 3, 2007
Summary
Positive deviance analysis in India
Area of Science:
- International Development
- Public Health Nutrition
- Program Evaluation
Background:
- Positive deviance (PD) methods leverage local solutions for development challenges.
- Child underweight rates in Bihar, India, exceed 55%, necessitating effective interventions.
- PD analysis can identify successful project activities and household factors impacting child nutrition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To apply positive deviance analysis to the Dular program in Bihar, India.
- To improve the impact of Integrated Child Development Services on young children's nutrition.
- To identify key factors contributing to positive nutritional outcomes in a vulnerable population.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed a subset of the poorest children with the best nutritional outcomes within the Dular program.
- Examined behavioral and project factors associated with positive nutritional results.
- Utilized data from a 2005 program evaluation involving 1,560 children.
Main Results:
- Positive deviant children from the poorest households received complementary foods earlier (7.18 vs. 9.02 months).
- These children were more than twice as likely to practice handwashing with soap after defecation (25.0% vs. 11.8%).
- Positive deviant children had mothers who were more than seven times more likely to be literate (25.0% vs. 3.5%).
Conclusions:
- Programmatic efforts focusing on early complementary feeding, hygiene, and maternal literacy are highly effective.
- Increased investment in these identified positive deviance strategies is recommended.
- These findings can inform targeted interventions to improve child nutrition in similar settings.
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