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Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Sound Intensity Level00:53

Sound Intensity Level

Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and hence a...
Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
Testing a Claim about Mean: Known Population SD01:11

Testing a Claim about Mean: Known Population SD

A complete procedure of testing the hypothesis about a population mean is explained here.
Estimating a population mean requires the samples to be distributed normally. The data should be collected from the randomly selected samples having no sampling bias. The sample size needed to be higher than 30, and most importantly, the population standard deviation should be already known.
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Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when researchers try to extrapolate results...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Modified Experimental Conditions for Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Mice and Assessment of Hearing Function and Outer Hair Cell Damage
07:13

Modified Experimental Conditions for Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Mice and Assessment of Hearing Function and Outer Hair Cell Damage

Published on: February 10, 2023

[Effect of noise on birth capability].

M Knezević

    Srpski Arhiv Za Celokupno Lekarstvo
    |May 1, 1995
    PubMed
    Summary

    Occupational noise exposure significantly increased risks for miscarriages and low birth weight in metal industry workers. Constant noise-induced stress disrupts placental circulation, leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Health
    • Reproductive Toxicology
    • Environmental Medicine

    Context:

    • Investigated the impact of occupational noise on pregnancy outcomes in 132 women in the metal industry.
    • Compared outcomes between 82 women exposed to high noise levels and 50 women in a control group.
    • Focused on a specific industrial setting in Valjevo to assess noise pollution effects.

    Purpose:

    • To determine the correlation between elevated noise levels in the workplace and adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes.
    • To identify specific risks such as miscarriage, pregnancy maintenance issues, and preterm infant weight.
    • To establish noise as a potential etiological factor in reproductive health disturbances.

    Summary:

    • Women exposed to occupational noise experienced a statistically significant increase in natural miscarriages.

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  • The experimental group (noise-exposed) showed higher rates of pregnancy maintenance challenges and lower birth weights in preterm infants compared to the control group.
  • Findings indicate noise-induced chronic stress leads to utero-placental and foeto-placental circulatory disorders.
  • Impact:

    • Highlights the detrimental effects of occupational noise pollution on maternal and fetal health.
    • Suggests a need for noise reduction strategies in industrial environments to protect pregnant workers.
    • Provides evidence for noise as a significant stressor impacting reproductive health and necessitating workplace safety interventions.