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Nitric oxide evolution and perception.

Steven Neill1, Jo Bright, Radhika Desikan

  • 1Centre for Research in Plant Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, Bristol BS16 1Q, UK. Steven.Neill@uwe.ac.uk

Journal of Experimental Botany
|November 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Nitric oxide (NO) plays signaling roles in plants, but its synthesis and transport remain unclear. Research suggests NO may be transported as precursors or generated in localized

Area of Science:

  • Plant physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Cell signaling

Background:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) is implicated in diverse plant processes including growth, defense, and environmental responses.
  • The precise mechanisms of NO synthesis, transport, and perception within plants are not fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the synthesis, transport, and signaling mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO) in plants.
  • To understand how NO functions as a signaling molecule in various physiological processes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental data on NO signaling roles.
  • Analysis of proposed NO synthesis pathways (e.g., nitrate reductase).
  • Discussion of NO removal and transport mechanisms (e.g., haemoglobins, S-nitrosothiols).

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Main Results:

  • NO exhibits signaling roles in xylogenesis, programmed cell death, pathogen defense, flowering, stomatal closure, and gravitropism.
  • Multiple pathways for NO generation exist, including nitrate reductase, but synthesis remains incompletely understood.
  • NO's reactivity suggests localized 'hot-spots' or transport via precursors like nitrite or S-nitrosothiols.

Conclusions:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) is a crucial signaling molecule in plants with diverse roles.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate NO synthesis, transport, and precise cellular perception mechanisms.
  • Understanding NO signaling is key to comprehending plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.