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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
Microbiome of the Eye01:22

Microbiome of the Eye

The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Establishing a Porcine Ex Vivo Cornea Model for Studying Drug Treatments against Bacterial Keratitis
09:22

Establishing a Porcine Ex Vivo Cornea Model for Studying Drug Treatments against Bacterial Keratitis

Published on: May 12, 2020

Infectious keratitis: what have we learned?

Brian Levy1

  • 1Bausch & Lomb, Inc., Rochester, NY 14609, USA.

Eye & Contact Lens
|December 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contact lenses are safe for vision correction, but serious complications can arise. This review examines contact lens use, microbiology, and physiology to reduce adverse events and corneal infections.

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Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Establishing a Porcine Ex Vivo Cornea Model for Studying Drug Treatments against Bacterial Keratitis
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Published on: May 12, 2020

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Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK

Published on: December 18, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Microbiology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Contact lenses are a safe and effective method for correcting refractive errors.
  • Despite low incidence, adverse outcomes from contact lens wear can cause significant morbidity.
  • Industry advancements in materials and solutions aim to reduce contact lens-related complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review contact lens use, microbiology, physiology, and epidemiology of corneal infections.
  • To address unusual adverse events linked to lens wear, compliance, and care.
  • To provide data-driven insights to minimize morbidity associated with contact lens wear.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of scientific literature on contact lens use.
  • Analysis of microbiology associated with contact lenses.
  • Examination of ocular physiology relevant to adverse events.
  • Review of epidemiological data on contact lens-related corneal infections.

Main Results:

  • Contact lens wear, while generally safe, carries a risk of serious adverse events.
  • Recent outbreaks highlight complex interactions between lens wear, compliance, and care.
  • Understanding the ocular environment's response to contact lenses is crucial for safety.

Conclusions:

  • Current data supports advancements in contact lens materials and solutions to lower morbidity.
  • Further research and adherence to proper lens care are essential for patient safety.
  • This review aims to dispel unsupported assumptions and guide future efforts to reduce contact lens-related complications.