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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) for Research; Obtaining Adequate Sample Yield
11:47

Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) for Research; Obtaining Adequate Sample Yield

Published on: March 24, 2014

Bronchoalveolar lavage in malignancy.

Venerino Poletti1, Giovanni Poletti, Bruno Murer

  • 1Department of Thoracic Diseases, Ospedale GB Morgagni, Forli, Italy. v.poletti@ausl.fo.it

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|November 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Bronchoalveolar lavage effectively diagnoses diffuse lung cancers, especially adenocarcinomas with specific growth patterns. Diagnostic yield is high for certain lymphomas but low for Hodgkin disease.

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Bronchoalveolar Lavage of Murine Lungs to Analyze Inflammatory Cell Infiltration
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Bronchoalveolar Lavage of Murine Lungs to Analyze Inflammatory Cell Infiltration

Published on: May 4, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) for Research; Obtaining Adequate Sample Yield
11:47

Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) for Research; Obtaining Adequate Sample Yield

Published on: March 24, 2014

Bronchoalveolar Lavage of Murine Lungs to Analyze Inflammatory Cell Infiltration
07:03

Bronchoalveolar Lavage of Murine Lungs to Analyze Inflammatory Cell Infiltration

Published on: May 4, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Oncology
  • Cytopathology

Background:

  • Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is crucial for diagnosing lung malignancies not visible via endoscopy.
  • Identifying neoplastic histotype and growth patterns impacts BAL's diagnostic utility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic yield of bronchoalveolar lavage in diffuse or disseminated lung malignancies.
  • To identify factors influencing diagnostic accuracy, including tumor type and growth patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for cytological and morphological features.
  • Implementation of immunocytochemical and molecular tests for cell lineage and monoclonality identification.

Main Results:

  • High diagnostic yield (>80%) reported for adenocarcinoma and tumors with lymphangitic or lepidic growth patterns.
  • Good diagnostic yield for secondary diffuse indolent B cell lymphomas and MALT lymphomas; low yield for Hodgkin disease.
  • Cytological mimicry of lung neoplasms by conditions like ARDS, AIP, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis exacerbations.

Conclusions:

  • Bronchoalveolar lavage is a valuable tool for diagnosing specific types of diffuse lung cancers and certain hematologic malignancies.
  • Neoplastic histotype and intraparenchymal growth patterns are key predictors of BAL diagnostic success.
  • Careful morphological analysis, supplemented by immunocytochemistry and molecular tests, is essential to differentiate neoplasms from reactive conditions.