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Retinopathy in patients with sickle cell trait
Sherrol A Reynolds1, Eulogio Besada, Christine Winter-Corella
1Nova Southeastern University, College of Optometry, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida 33328, USA. sreynold@nova.edu
Optometry (St. Louis, Mo.)
|November 3, 2007
Summary
Sickle cell trait (hemoglobin AS) is usually benign but can cause severe retinopathy in patients with systemic conditions or trauma. Comprehensive medical evaluation is crucial for affected individuals.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Hematology
- Genetics
Background:
- Sickle cell trait (hemoglobin AS) is the most common sickle hemoglobinopathy genotype in the US, often considered benign.
- Ocular complications are rare in sickle cell trait but can occur with systemic diseases or trauma.
- Retinopathy in sickle cell trait patients warrants thorough medical workup, including serologic testing.
Observation:
- Case 1: A 44-year-old man with sickle cell trait and uncontrolled hypertension presented with vitreo-retinal fibrotic scaffolding and "sea-fan" neovascularization.
- Case 2: A 45-year-old woman with sickle cell trait, hypertension, and a history of stroke presented with branch retinal artery occlusion and neovascularization.
Findings:
- Both patients with sickle cell trait developed significant retinopathy.
- The retinopathy observed included neovascularization and retinal artery occlusion.
- These findings highlight potential ocular pathology in sickle cell trait under specific conditions.
Implications:
- Sickle cell trait, while generally benign, can be a risk factor for serious ocular complications under stress or with coexisting systemic diseases.
- Prompt diagnosis and management of underlying systemic conditions are vital for patients with sickle cell trait and retinopathy.
- This underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach to managing patients with sickle cell trait and associated health issues.
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