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Related Concept Videos

Huntington Disease l: Introduction01:21

Huntington Disease l: Introduction

Huntington disease or HD is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.PathophysiologyIt is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4 (4p16.3), producing an abnormal huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. This misfolded protein disrupts cellular function, leading to neuronal death. Normal alleles have ≤26 repeats, 27–35 are intermediate (risk of expansion), 36–39 show reduced penetrance,...
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Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
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Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of its...
Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
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Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Fractionation for Resolution of Soluble and Insoluble Huntingtin Species
07:08

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Published on: February 27, 2018

Huntington's disease affects movement termination.

Martin Lemay1, Sylvain Chouinard, François Richer

  • 1Centre de Réadaptation Marie-Enfant, Hôpital Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada. lemay.martin@uqam.ca

Behavioural Brain Research
|November 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Huntington's disease (HD) impairs voluntary movement, especially during aiming. Reducing movement termination demands improved performance in HD patients, suggesting frontostriatal systems are key for movement control.

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Fractionation for Resolution of Soluble and Insoluble Huntingtin Species
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Movement Disorders
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder impacting the striatum, leading to motor deficits.
  • Early-stage HD affects voluntary movements, particularly the final phase of aiming.
  • Deficits in aiming movements may relate to attention or terminal control demands.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of terminal control requirements in movement deficits in early Huntington's disease.
  • To examine how movement termination and target flankers influence aiming movements in HD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Sixteen early-stage Huntington's disease patients and 16 age-matched controls performed aiming movements.
  • Four experimental conditions manipulated movement termination (discrete vs. cyclical) and target flankers.
  • Movement performance was analyzed across different conditions.

Main Results:

  • Reducing movement termination requirements significantly lessened final-phase movement deficits in HD patients.
  • Target flankers affected initial movement phases but did not differentially impact HD patients and controls.
  • These findings highlight the impact of terminal control on voluntary movements in HD.

Conclusions:

  • Terminal control requirements significantly affect voluntary movements in individuals with early Huntington's disease.
  • The results suggest that frontostriatal systems play a crucial role in movement termination.
  • Understanding these mechanisms can inform therapeutic strategies for movement disorders in HD.