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Readout-segmented EPI for rapid high resolution diffusion imaging at 3 T.

Samantha J Holdsworth1, Stefan Skare, Rexford D Newbould

  • 1Lucas Center, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305-5488, USA.

European Journal of Radiology
|November 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Readout-segmented EPI combined with parallel imaging significantly reduces geometric distortions in diffusion-weighted imaging. This advanced technique offers improved visualization of brain structures, making it a promising alternative to standard EPI for high-resolution imaging.

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
  • Image Reconstruction

Background:

  • Echo-planar imaging (EPI) is susceptible to geometric distortions in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).
  • Readout-segmented EPI (RS-EPI) reduces distortions by acquiring k-space segments along the readout direction.
  • Parallel imaging (PI) further enhances image acquisition speed and distortion reduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the performance of PI-accelerated RS-EPI for high-resolution DWI at 3T.
  • To compare PI-accelerated RS-EPI with standard EPI and PI-accelerated EPI in volunteers and patients.
  • To evaluate the impact of cardiac gating and diffusion preparation methods on image quality.

Main Methods:

  • Acquisition of peripherally cardiac gated and non-gated RS-EPI images at 3T.

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  • Combination of RS-EPI with parallel imaging (PI) for accelerated data acquisition.
  • Investigation of Stejskal-Tanner versus twice-refocused diffusion preparation for eddy current compensation.

    • Main Results:

    • PI-driven DW RS-EPI demonstrated substantially reduced geometric distortions compared to single-shot EPI, particularly in lower brain structures.
    • Non-gated, phase-corrected DWI performed comparably to gated acquisitions.
    • A twice-refocused diffusion preparation was necessary to prevent blurring in DWI data.

    Conclusions:

    • PI-accelerated RS-EPI is a viable alternative to conventional EPI for high-resolution DWI, offering superior distortion control.
    • The technique enables better delineation of anatomical structures, especially in challenging regions of the brain.
    • RS-EPI represents a significant advancement for acquiring high-quality T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted images.