Experimental studies on identification of the driver based on STR analysis

Area of Science:

• Forensic Science
• Genetics
• Criminalistics

Background:

• Driver identification is crucial in criminal investigations, particularly after traffic accidents or crimes.
• Traditional methods may be limited when direct evidence is scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis for identifying drivers from DNA traces left on car interior surfaces.
• To determine suitable sample collection methods and key locations within a vehicle for DNA recovery.

Main Methods:

• STR analysis was performed on DNA samples collected using cotton swabs from various car interior parts (steering wheel, gear lever, handbrake, indicator, door handle).
• Focus was placed on obtaining DNA profiles from the vehicle's owner and any recent drivers.

Main Results:

• Cotton swabs proved effective for collecting sufficient DNA for STR analysis.
• STR analysis of DNA from car surfaces, especially the steering wheel, successfully identified recent drivers.
• The method is viable even with minimal DNA transfer from bare hands.

Conclusions:

• STR analysis of car interior DNA is a valuable tool for forensic investigations.
• This technique enhances the ability to identify individuals involved in incidents related to vehicle use.
• The steering wheel is a particularly informative site for driver identification through DNA analysis.