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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

In Vivo Functional Assessment of Rat Masseter Muscle Following Surgical Creation of a Volumetric Muscle Loss (VML) Injury
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Mapping mandibular rest in humans utilizing electromyographic patterns from masticatory muscles.

David M Hickman1, William Stauber

  • 1West Virginia University School of Dentistry, USA. hickmandm@gmail.com

Cranio : the Journal of Craniomandibular Practice
|November 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

The study found that mandibular muscles function optimally within the physiologic zone of rest, not at the maximum intercuspation position. This zone, defined by maximum physiologic open and closed positions, shows greater muscle recruitment for improved jaw function.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Physiology
  • Biomechanics
  • Muscle Electromyography

Background:

  • The resting position of the mandible is crucial for muscle function.
  • Antagonistic muscles should achieve resting lengths at the mandible's resting position.
  • Physiologic parameters of muscle activity can map the zone of mandibular rest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate muscle activity at different mandibular positions.
  • To determine the zone of mandibular rest using electromyography.
  • To compare muscle function within the zone of rest versus the intercuspal position.

Main Methods:

  • Resting and isometric electromyography were used to measure muscle activity.
  • Three key positions were assessed: maximum physiologic open, maximum physiologic closed, and physiologic rest.

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

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  • Maximum intercuspation position was also evaluated for comparison.

    • Main Results:

    • Muscle recruitment was greatest within the physiologic zone of rest.
    • The zone of rest is defined by the maximum physiologic open and closed positions.
    • Muscle function was significantly greater within the zone of mandibular rest compared to the intercuspal position.

    Conclusions:

    • The physiologic zone of mandibular rest is characterized by optimal muscle activity.
    • Mandibular function is enhanced within this zone compared to the intercuspal position.
    • Electromyography effectively maps this zone for understanding jaw mechanics.