Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Facial Nerve Axotomy in Mice: A Model to Study Motoneuron Response to Injury
10:11

Facial Nerve Axotomy in Mice: A Model to Study Motoneuron Response to Injury

Published on: February 23, 2015

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia presenting with facial nerve paresis: a unique presentation

Lorie B Smith1, Yamily Valdes, William E Check

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, George and Marie Backus Children's Hospital, Savannah, GA, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
|November 7, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), a childhood cancer, can infiltrate the central nervous system (CNS). This case report details CNS involvement as part of JMML progression.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a rare childhood myeloproliferative neoplasm.
  • Typical JMML symptoms include failure to thrive, fever, bleeding, and organ enlargement.
  • Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is not typically reported at JMML diagnosis.

Observation:

  • A 21-month-old boy presented with right facial paresis.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a brain mass.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed leukemic infiltration of the CNS.

Findings:

  • This case demonstrates central nervous system (CNS) infiltration in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML).
  • CNS involvement can occur as part of the natural progression of JMML.
  • Literature review indicates a lack of prior reports on CNS involvement at JMML diagnosis.

Implications:

  • Highlights the potential for CNS involvement in JMML, expanding the understanding of its clinical spectrum.
  • Suggests the need for vigilance and potential CNS surveillance in pediatric patients with JMML.
  • Contributes to the literature on rare manifestations of childhood leukemia.

More Related Videos

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer19:53

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Published on: March 1, 2015

Related Concept Videos

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
Nervous Tissue: Myelin01:25

Nervous Tissue: Myelin

The myelin sheath is a multilayered lipid and protein covering that insulates the axon of a neuron, enhancing the speed of nerve impulse conduction. Axons without this sheath are referred to as unmyelinated. Two types of neuroglia, Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) are responsible for producing myelin sheaths.
Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons during fetal development. They wrap around a small...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...