Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Comparative Analysis of Human Growth Hormone in Serum Using SPRi, Nano-SPRi and ELISA Assays
Published on: January 7, 2016
Genetic defects of the growth-hormone-IGF axis associated with growth hormone insensitivity
1Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Portland, Oreg., USA.
Abstract:
The central feature of growth hormone (GH) insensitivity is deficiency of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in association with elevated GH secretion. This condition is also known as primary IGF deficiency. There are currently four known genetic causes of GH insensitivity/primary IGF deficiency: GH receptor deficiency (also known as Laron syndrome or GH insensitivity syndrome), IGF-1 deficiency, signal transducer and activator of transcription 5b (STAT5b) deficiency and acid labile subunit (ALS) deficiency. Despite sharing the classical biochemical features of GH insensitivity, the phenotype in each of these conditions is quite distinct. This review will discuss each of these causes in turn, highlighting the insights these rare causes of growth failure afford into the functioning of the human GH-IGF-1 axis.
Related Concept Videos
Nature and Nurture
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
Inborn Errors of Metabolism
TGF - β Signaling Pathway
Type II Diabetes I: Introduction
Glucose Transporters
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
