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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:17

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

An IL-8 Transiently Transgenized Mouse Model for the In Vivo Long-term Monitoring of Inflammatory Responses
08:16

An IL-8 Transiently Transgenized Mouse Model for the In Vivo Long-term Monitoring of Inflammatory Responses

Published on: July 7, 2017

Interleukin-18 production and pulmonary function in COPD.

H Imaoka1, T Hoshino, S Takei

  • 1Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Dept of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.

The European Respiratory Journal
|November 9, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is overproduced in the lungs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Elevated serum IL-18 levels correlate with reduced lung function, suggesting a role in COPD development.

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Characterization of Immune Cells and Proinflammatory Mediators in the Pulmonary Environment
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Characterization of Immune Cells and Proinflammatory Mediators in the Pulmonary Environment

Published on: June 24, 2020

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

An IL-8 Transiently Transgenized Mouse Model for the In Vivo Long-term Monitoring of Inflammatory Responses
08:16

An IL-8 Transiently Transgenized Mouse Model for the In Vivo Long-term Monitoring of Inflammatory Responses

Published on: July 7, 2017

Characterization of Immune Cells and Proinflammatory Mediators in the Pulmonary Environment
09:00

Characterization of Immune Cells and Proinflammatory Mediators in the Pulmonary Environment

Published on: June 24, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health issue characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation.
  • Small airway inflammation is a key feature in COPD pathogenesis, but the specific molecular drivers are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Interleukin-18 (IL-18) in the pathogenesis of COPD.
  • To evaluate IL-18 production in the lungs and its correlation with pulmonary function in COPD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was used to assess IL-18 protein expression in lung tissue from COPD patients, smokers, and non-smokers.
  • Serum cytokine levels and pulmonary function tests (including forced expiratory volume in one second) were analyzed in a larger cohort.

Main Results:

  • IL-18 protein was significantly expressed in lung cells of COPD patients, including macrophages and epithelial cells.
  • Serum IL-18 levels were elevated in COPD patients and smokers compared to non-smokers, with the highest levels in severe COPD (GOLD stage III-IV).
  • Higher serum IL-18 levels were negatively correlated with predicted forced expiratory volume in one second, indicating poorer lung function.

Conclusions:

  • Overproduction of IL-18 in the lungs is implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD.
  • IL-18 may serve as a potential biomarker for COPD severity and progression.