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Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Processing for Clinical Applications Using a Closed Semi-Automated Workflow

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Processing for Clinical Applications Using a Closed Semi-Automated Workflow

Published on: March 17, 2023

Human mesenchymal stem cells: from basic biology to clinical applications.

B M Abdallah¹, M Kassem

¹Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and Medical Biotechnology Centre, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

|November 9, 2007

Summary

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are versatile cells found in bone marrow. This review covers their isolation, characterization, differentiation, and current clinical applications in regenerative medicine.

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An Enzymatic Method to Rescue Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Clotted Bone Marrow Samples

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Processing for Clinical Applications Using a Closed Semi-Automated Workflow

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Processing for Clinical Applications Using a Closed Semi-Automated Workflow

Published on: March 17, 2023

An Enzymatic Method to Rescue Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Clotted Bone Marrow Samples

An Enzymatic Method to Rescue Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Clotted Bone Marrow Samples

Published on: April 12, 2015

Area of Science:

Stem Cell Biology
Regenerative Medicine
Cell Biology

Background:

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are clonogenic cells residing in bone marrow stroma.
MSC possess the remarkable ability to differentiate into multiple mesodermal lineages, including osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes.
Their accessibility and differentiation capacity are driving their integration into clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

To discuss established and novel approaches for the isolation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC).
To outline methods for the robust characterization of hMSC.
To review strategies for directing hMSC differentiation and provide an update on their clinical applications.

Main Methods:

Isolation techniques from bone marrow aspirates.
Characterization through surface marker analysis and functional assays.
Directed differentiation protocols and assessment of lineage commitment.
Review of current clinical trials and therapeutic uses of hMSC.

Main Results:

Established protocols for efficient isolation and characterization of hMSC.
Demonstrated methods to guide hMSC differentiation into desired cell types.
Overview of the expanding clinical landscape for MSC-based therapies.

Conclusions:

hMSC are a promising cell source for regenerative medicine due to their multipotency and accessibility.
Standardized methods for isolation, characterization, and differentiation are crucial for clinical translation.
Ongoing clinical investigations highlight the therapeutic potential of hMSC across various diseases.