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Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types

Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types

Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...

Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management

The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of gastritis begins with the colonization of the stomach lining by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium spreads mainly via the oral-oral route through saliva or shared utensils, and can also be transmitted in overcrowded or unhygienic environments through contaminated water, despite its brief survival outside the body.ColonizationOnce ingested, H. pylori enters the stomach and begins colonization by navigating through the mucus layer lining the stomach wall. It...

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System I: Subjective Data

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System I: Subjective Data

Assessing the gastrointestinal (GI) system is a complex process that begins with collecting subjective data. This data, collected through patient interviews, provides crucial insights into the patient's health history, perception patterns, and lifestyle habits, all contributing significantly to GI health.
Health History
The initial step in assessing the GI system is obtaining a comprehensive health history. This includes inquiring about the patient's history or presence of problems related to...

Pyloric Obstruction

Pyloric Obstruction

Pyloric obstruction, also referred to as gastric outlet obstruction, is a condition characterized by narrowing or blockage at the pylorus—the muscular valve regulating the flow of stomach contents into the duodenum. When this passage becomes impaired, the stomach cannot effectively empty its contents into the small intestine. This disruption leads to a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including early satiety, bloating, epigastric pain, postprandial nausea, persistent vomiting, and...

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...

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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Laparoscopy-endoscopy Cooperative Surgery for the Treatment of Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Laparoscopy-endoscopy Cooperative Surgery for the Treatment of Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Published on: February 19, 2022

Gastric GISTs. Personal experience.

Giuseppe Pietro Mingolla¹, Paolo Antonino Riccio, Romano Linguerri

¹Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale, AUSL Imola, Imola, Italy. pieromingolla@libero.it

Annali Italiani Di Chirurgia

|November 10, 2007

Summary

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms. Surgical resection is key for localized GISTs, while Imatinib Mesylate shows promise for metastatic disease.

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Laparoscopy-endoscopy Cooperative Surgery for the Treatment of Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Laparoscopy-endoscopy Cooperative Surgery for the Treatment of Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Published on: February 19, 2022

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology and Surgical Oncology
Molecular Targeted Therapy

Background:

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are defined by CD117 immunopositivity.
Surgery is the primary treatment for GISTs.
Imatinib Mesylate is effective for unresectable or metastatic GISTs.

Observation:

This study reviewed 12 gastric mesenchymal neoplasms, identifying 8 GISTs (67%) via CD117.
The median follow-up was 37 months.
A case of metastatic GIST treated with Imatinib Mesylate for 15 months is detailed.

Findings:

Gastrointestinal bleeding was the most common symptom.
Malignant GISTs >5cm or with high mitotic counts require careful management.
Complete surgical resection with clear margins prevented recurrence in localized GISTs.
Imatinib Mesylate demonstrated a positive response in a metastatic GIST case.

Implications:

Complete surgical resection remains crucial for gastric GISTs.
Surgical intervention is advised for advanced GISTs, even with metastases, to facilitate palliative Imatinib Mesylate treatment.
Imatinib Mesylate can stabilize or induce partial remission in advanced GIST patients.