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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents

Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
Adsorbents...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Modeling Colitis-Associated Cancer with Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)
12:37

Modeling Colitis-Associated Cancer with Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)

Published on: September 11, 2012

Adjuvant therapy for colon cancer.

Olivia Aranha1, Al B Benson

  • 1Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Division of Hematology/Oncology, 676 N. St. Clair, Suite 850, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

Current Gastroenterology Reports
|November 10, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Adjuvant chemotherapy with oxaliplatin improves disease-free survival in stage III colon cancer. For stage II colon cancer, chemotherapy offers a small survival benefit, with molecular markers potentially identifying patients who will benefit most.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Modeling Colitis-Associated Cancer with Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)
12:37

Modeling Colitis-Associated Cancer with Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)

Published on: September 11, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • 40-60% of resected colon cancer patients have advanced locoregional disease (Stage II/III).
  • Adjuvant therapy is established for Stage III colon cancer, but its role in Stage II is less defined.
  • Molecular markers may refine adjuvant therapy selection for Stage II colon cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in Stage II and III colon cancer.
  • To discuss the impact of oxaliplatin and capecitabine in Stage III disease.
  • To explore the potential of molecular markers in optimizing adjuvant treatment for Stage II colon cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Review of key adjuvant chemotherapy trials in colon cancer (MOSAIC, NSABP C-07, X-ACT, CALGB 89803, PETACC-3).
  • Analysis of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival data.
  • Discussion of ongoing research utilizing molecular markers for patient stratification.

Main Results:

  • Oxaliplatin combined with 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5-FU/LV) significantly improves DFS in Stage III colon cancer.
  • Capecitabine demonstrates equivalent clinical benefit to bolus 5-FU/LV.
  • Adjuvant irinotecan trials have not shown significant DFS advantage.
  • Chemotherapy provides a 1-5% survival benefit in Stage II colon cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Adjuvant oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is a standard of care for Stage III colon cancer.
  • Further research is needed to identify Stage II colon cancer patients who will benefit from adjuvant therapy.
  • Molecular markers like microsatellite instability and 18q allele loss may aid in risk stratification for Stage II disease.