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Related Concept Videos

Gravity between Spherical Bodies01:27

Gravity between Spherical Bodies

Newton's law of gravitation describes the gravitational force between any two point masses. However, for extended spherical objects like the Earth, the Moon, and other planets, the law holds with an assumption that masses of spherical objects are concentrated at their respective centers.
This assumption can be proved easily by showing that the expression for gravitational potential energy between a hollow sphere of mass (M) and a point mass (m) is the same as it would be for a pair of extended...
Colloids03:22

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.Polar molecules have a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other end of the molecule,...
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
Impact01:30

Impact

Impact occurs when two bodies collide, leading to the application of impulsive forces between them. Analyzing impact mechanics involves considering two colliding particles moving along a line known as the line of impact, which passes through their centers and is perpendicular to the contact plane.
When particles with different initial velocities collide, they induce deformation by applying equal and opposite impulses. At the point of maximum deformation, the particles move together with...
Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...

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Related Experiment Video

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Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
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Interactions between two touching spherical particles in sedimentation.

Ren Sun1, Allen T Chwang

  • 1Department of Engineering Mechanics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|November 13, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study models the contact between falling and fixed spherical particles in viscous fluid. It reveals two contact motion patterns: pure rolling and rolling with slip, depending on friction and separation.

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Published on: February 22, 2018

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Simultaneous Measurement of Turbulence and Particle Kinematics Using Flow Imaging Techniques

Published on: March 12, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Particle Mechanics
  • Tribology

Background:

  • Understanding particle-particle interactions is crucial in fluid dynamics.
  • Previous models often simplify or neglect contact forces during particle settling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically investigate the contact dynamics between a falling and a fixed spherical particle in a viscous fluid.
  • To analyze the transition between pure rolling and rolling with slip at particle contact.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a theoretical model incorporating gravitational, hydrodynamic, and contact forces.
  • Employed an extended successive reflection method for hydrodynamic interactions.
  • Utilized the fourth-order Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method for solving equations of motion.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed two distinct contact motion patterns: pure rolling and rolling with slip.
  • Identified static friction coefficient and contact separation distance as key factors influencing motion transition.
  • The study highlights limitations of quasisteady approximations for interacting particles.

Conclusions:

  • The theoretical model accurately predicts particle contact behaviors in viscous fluids.
  • Contact force models are essential for accurate simulation of settling particles.
  • Further research may refine quasisteady approximations for complex particle interactions.