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Casimir forces between arbitrary compact objects.

T Emig1, N Graham, R L Jaffe

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques, CNRS UMR 8626, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France.

Physical Review Letters
|November 13, 2007
PubMed
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We present an exact method to calculate Casimir energy between objects using their scattering matrices. This quantum interaction method accurately computes energy for dielectrics and conductors, including spheres.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Field Theory
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Electromagnetism

Background:

  • The Casimir effect describes the physical force acting between two uncharged conductive bodies in a vacuum.
  • Calculating Casimir energy for arbitrary geometries and materials remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an exact computational method for the Casimir energy between arbitrary compact objects.
  • To express this energy in terms of object properties via scattering matrices.

Main Methods:

  • Formulating Casimir energy as an interaction between multipoles generated by quantum current fluctuations.
  • Utilizing object scattering matrices to incorporate shape and composition.
  • Applying a low-frequency expansion for size-to-separation ratios.

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Main Results:

  • An exact method for computing Casimir energy between dielectrics and perfect conductors.
  • Demonstrated rapid convergence of the multipole expansion.
  • Derived the energy series for two dielectric spheres and the full interaction for perfectly conducting spheres.

Conclusions:

  • The scattering matrix approach provides a universal and exact method for Casimir energy calculations.
  • The developed method is efficient and applicable to various object shapes and materials.
  • This work offers a powerful tool for studying quantum vacuum forces in diverse physical systems.