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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.

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Analysis of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-specific CD8+ T-cells in Rhesus Macaques by Peptide-MHC-I Tetramer Staining
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Non-classical MHC-E (Mamu-E) expression in the rhesus monkey placenta.

S V Dambaeva1, G I Bondarenko, R L Grendell

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA.

Placenta
|November 13, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study characterizes Mamu-E expression in rhesus macaques, revealing its presence in placental cells and its potential role in pregnancy. The MEM-E/06 antibody is effective for detecting Mamu-E at the maternal-fetal interface.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Reproductive Immunology
  • Primate Models

Background:

  • Non-classical MHC class I molecules play crucial roles in immune regulation.
  • Mamu-E, the rhesus ortholog of human HLA-E, is implicated in immune tolerance.
  • Understanding Mamu-E expression at the maternal-fetal interface is vital for reproductive health research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the expression pattern of the rhesus macaque Mamu-E gene.
  • To evaluate the utility of specific antibodies for detecting Mamu-E.
  • To investigate Mamu-E expression at the maternal-fetal interface during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Locus-specific RT-PCR for Mamu-E confirmation.
  • Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for antibody validation.
  • IHC staining of rhesus placental sections using MEM-E/06 antibody.

Main Results:

  • Mamu-E expression confirmed in rhesus placenta, PBMCs, and other organs.
  • Antibodies MEM-E/06 and HC10 recognized Mamu-E, while MEM-E/02 did not.
  • MEM-E/06 demonstrated Mamu-E expression in various trophoblast cell types and endothelial cells.
  • Co-expression of Mamu-E and Mamu-AG (rhesus HLA-G homolog) observed in extravillous trophoblasts.

Conclusions:

  • Gestation-dependent co-expression of Mamu-E and Mamu-AG suggests distinct roles in primate pregnancy.
  • The MEM-E/06 antibody is a valuable tool for studying Mamu-E at the maternal-fetal interface in rhesus macaques.
  • Further research into Mamu-E and Mamu-AG function is warranted for understanding pregnancy immunology.