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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Longitudinal changes in BMD and bone geometry in a population-based study.

Fulvio Lauretani1, Stefania Bandinelli, Michael E Griswold

  • 1Tuscany Regional Health Agency, Florence, Italy.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|November 14, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone loss in older women is driven by endocortical resorption, outweighing periosteal apposition. Interventions targeting this imbalance are crucial for preventing osteoporosis and reducing bone loss.

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Longitudinal Micro-Computed Tomography Image Analysis for User-Defined Region of Interest in Critical-Sized Bone Defects
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Longitudinal Micro-Computed Tomography Image Analysis for User-Defined Region of Interest in Critical-Sized Bone Defects

Published on: June 24, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Longitudinal Micro-Computed Tomography Image Analysis for User-Defined Region of Interest in Critical-Sized Bone Defects
08:39

Longitudinal Micro-Computed Tomography Image Analysis for User-Defined Region of Interest in Critical-Sized Bone Defects

Published on: June 24, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Bone Biology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Age-related bone changes may differ between sexes.
  • Investigating volumetric BMD and bone geometry is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively examine age-related changes in bone parameters.
  • To compare bone geometry and vBMD in men and women over time.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Quantitative CT (QCT) to assess tibial bone parameters.
  • Followed 345 men and 464 women (aged 21-102) from the InCHIANTI study over 6 years.

Main Results:

  • Periosteal apposition occurred in both sexes, but was higher in younger men.
  • Medullary expansion (endocortical resorption) was significantly higher in women.
  • Women experienced accelerated cortical bone loss due to imbalanced resorption and apposition.

Conclusions:

  • Endocortical resorption leads to bone loss in older women, despite periosteal apposition.
  • Balancing resorption and apposition is key for interventions to prevent bone loss and osteoporosis in women.