Eccrine syringofibroadenoma with co-existent squamous cell carcinoma

Area of Science:

• Dermatopathology
• Oncology

Background:

• Eccrine syringofibroadenoma (ESFA) is an uncommon benign adnexal neoplasm.
• It predominantly affects elderly individuals, often presenting on the extremities.

Observation:

• ESFA typically manifests as a slow-growing, flesh- to reddish-colored nodule or plaque.
• Histological examination shows anastomosing cords of cuboidal epithelial cells embedded in a fibrovascular stroma with plasma cells.
• Ductal structures resembling eccrine ducts are present within the epithelial cords.

Findings:

• The co-occurrence of ESFA with squamous cell carcinoma has been documented.
• Immunohistochemical staining is typically positive for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).
• Cytokeratin staining results in ESFA have been inconsistent.

Implications:

• Accurate histological and immunohistochemical evaluation is crucial for diagnosing ESFA.
• Distinguishing ESFA from other adnexal tumors like poroma and porocarcinoma is important for appropriate management.
• Understanding the histological features aids in differentiating benign ESFA from malignant counterparts or co-existing carcinomas.