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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Clinical Practice Protocol of Creative Music Therapy for Preterm Infants and Their Parents in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Published on: January 7, 2020
Choreographing the end of life in a neonate
Jay M Milstein1, Bonnie Raingruber
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA. jmmilstein@ucdavis.edu
Abstract:
As caregivers, we often have the privilege of accompanying patients and their families at the end of life. When the patients are newborn infants, the parents are totally unprepared cognitively, emotionally, and spiritually. Their experience represents uncharted territory. The concept of uncharted territory probably applies to everyone facing the death of a loved one for the first time for both the patients and their families. Providing some guidance to patient/family dyads, while simultaneously respecting their autonomy, may be helpful to facilitate healing and meaning construction during the process of bereavement. In applying an integrative universal paradigm of care when curative measures elude us, healing measures become of paramount importance. An exemplar involving a neonate is presented in this commentary; however, healing measures are relevant to patients of all ages as well as to their loved ones.
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