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Human mycetoma.

Modupeola O A Samaila1, Hyacinth N Mbibu, O Peter Oluwole

  • 1Department of Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika-Zaria, Nigeria. mamak97@yahoo.com

Surgical Infections
|November 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Mycetoma, a fungal infection, often presents with varied symptoms, causing diagnostic challenges. Early recognition of its unique pathology is crucial for effective treatment of this indolent condition.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Tropical Medicine

Background:

  • Mycetoma is a superficial fungal infection endemic in tropical regions, particularly Africa.
  • It commonly affects the foot and leg but can involve any body part.
  • Characteristic discharging sinuses with fungal granules are pathognomonic, but atypical presentations can mimic other granulomatous infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cases of mycetoma to understand its clinical presentation and diagnostic challenges.
  • To highlight the importance of recognizing mycetoma pathology for timely diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of seven patients (four male, three female) aged 28-70 years diagnosed with mycetoma.
  • The study period spanned six years.

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Main Results:

  • Lesion duration ranged from two to six years (median five years).
  • Clinical presentations included nodules, depigmented spots, fungating masses with bone erosion, and discharging sinuses affecting various body parts.
  • Misdiagnoses included skin tuberculosis, fibroma, melanoma, basal-cell carcinoma, and brain tumor.
  • Histology revealed eosinophilic granules within chronic suppurative inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Mycetoma occurs sporadically and can be misdiagnosed due to varied presentations mimicking other skin diseases.
  • Understanding mycetoma pathology is essential for prompt diagnosis and management of this indolent infection.