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The Modified Temptation Resistance Task: A Paradigm to Elicit Children's Strategic Lie-telling

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Developmental sources of implicit attitudes.

Laurie A Rudman¹, Julie E Phelan, Jessica B Heppen

¹Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8040, USA. rudman@rci.rutgers.edu

Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin

|November 15, 2007

Summary

Developmental experiences shape implicit attitudes more than explicit ones. Early life events influence implicit attitudes toward smoking and body weight, while recent experiences affect explicit attitudes.

Area of Science:

Psychology
Social Psychology
Attitude Formation

Background:

Implicit and explicit attitudes often diverge.
Existing research primarily explains explicit attitude origins.
Developmental experiences are under-explored as attitude sources.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate developmental experiences as distinct sources for implicit and explicit attitudes.
Examine attitudes toward smoking and body weight.
Test the hypothesis that implicit attitudes stem from different information sources than explicit attitudes.

Main Methods:

Three studies examined implicit and explicit attitudes.
Study 1: Assessed early/recent smoking experiences and attitudes.
Studies 2 & 3: Investigated childhood/current weight and dream experiences in relation to attitudes.

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Main Results:

Early smoking experiences predicted implicit smoking attitudes; recent experiences predicted explicit ones.
Childhood weight predicted implicit body weight attitudes; current weight predicted explicit ones.
Childhood pleasant dreams predicted implicit dream attitudes; early maternal weight influenced implicit pro-heavy attitudes.

Conclusions:

Implicit and explicit attitudes are conceptually distinct.
Developmental experiences serve as unique predictors for implicit attitudes.
Attitude formation is influenced by different information sources over the lifespan.