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Cancer in Appalachia, 2001-2003
Phyllis A Wingo1, Thomas C Tucker, Patricia M Jamison
1Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Cancer
|November 15, 2007
Summary
Cancer incidence rates are higher in Appalachia than the US, with significant regional variations. Lung, colon, and tobacco-related cancer rates are particularly elevated across the Appalachian region.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Cancer incidence data in Appalachia were previously limited due to inconsistent high-quality registry availability.
- This study addresses this gap by providing cancer incidence rates for a significant portion of the Appalachian population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report cancer incidence rates across Appalachia.
- To examine and describe variations in cancer incidence between Northern, Central, and Southern Appalachian regions.
Main Methods:
- Utilized high-quality cancer registry data from 44 states and DC for diagnosis years 2001-2003.
- Included 11 of 13 Appalachian states (88% of the population); Virginia and Mississippi included for 2003 only.
- Calculated age-adjusted incidence rates per 100,000 population using SEER(*)Stat software.
Main Results:
- Overall cancer incidence rates in Appalachia exceeded those in the rest of the US.
- Elevated rates observed for lung, colon/rectum, and other tobacco-related cancers.
- Central Appalachia showed the highest lung and cervical cancer rates; Northern Appalachia had the highest prostate and female breast cancer rates.
Conclusions:
- Appalachia exhibits higher cancer incidence rates compared to the broader US, with notable regional disparities.
- Further research is essential to investigate the links between lifestyle, socioeconomic status, urban/rural factors, and healthcare access and these observed cancer rate variations within Appalachia.
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