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Brief Communication: Stand and shuffle: when does it make energetic sense?

Adam D Sylvester¹, Patricia A Kramer

¹Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.

American Journal of Physical Anthropology

|November 15, 2007

Summary

Protohominids may have used bipedal shuffling for short-distance travel between resources. This energy-efficient locomotion was likely favored for distances under 16 meters.

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Area of Science:

Paleoanthropology
Biomechanics
Evolutionary Biology

Background:

The evolution of bipedalism in hominids is a key area of study.
Previous hypotheses suggest postural adaptations, like "shuffling," for resource acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

To analytically assess the energetic viability of bipedal shuffling in protohominids.
To determine the threshold distance where shuffling is more efficient than quadrupedalism.

Main Methods:

Development of a biomechanical model to compare energy expenditure.
Inclusion of parameters: cost of transport, bipedal vs. quadrupedal cost ratio, and trunk-raising cost.

Main Results:

The model identified a threshold distance of approximately 9-16 meters for efficient bipedal shuffling.
This suggests shuffling could be an energetically effective strategy for short-distance travel.

Conclusions:

Bipedal shuffling represents a plausible energetically efficient locomotor strategy for protohominids.
This finding supports postural hypotheses for the emergence of early bipedalism.