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Related Experiment Videos

Isokinetic elbow torque development in children.

L E Wood1, S Dixon, C Grant

  • 1Sport and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom. louise.wood@port.ac.uk

International Journal of Sports Medicine
|November 16, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Children

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric sports medicine
  • Human growth and development
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Understanding age and gender variations in muscle strength is crucial for pediatric sports science.
  • Eccentric (ECC) and concentric (CON) muscle actions differ in torque production and injury risk.
  • Longitudinal data on pediatric upper body strength development, considering both muscle size and action type, is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age and gender differences in isokinetic eccentric elbow flexion (EF) and extension (EE) torques in children.
  • To analyze functional torque ratios (ECC antagonist/CON agonist) in relation to age and gender.
  • To explore how body and muscle size influence torque development in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • A 3-year longitudinal study involving 37 children (mean age 13.0 years).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Annual measurements of isokinetic ECC EF and EE torques, muscle cross-sectional areas (CSAs) via MRI, stature, and arm length.
  • Multilevel modeling used to analyze age and gender effects, adjusting for body and muscle size.

    • Main Results:

    • Eccentric elbow extension (EE) torques were not significantly higher than concentric EE torques in children.
    • Functional torque ratios showed no significant differences with age or between genders.
    • Eccentric elbow flexion (EF) torque was relatively greater in girls after accounting for body and muscle size.

    Conclusions:

    • Concentric and eccentric torque development exhibit muscle- and gender-specific patterns in children.
    • Findings suggest potential differences in upper body strength performance and injury risk during growth.
    • Size-adjusted eccentric elbow flexion torque is proportionally greater in girls, indicating specific developmental trajectories.