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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Inhalation Anthrax01:25

Inhalation Anthrax

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium. It primarily affects herbivorous animals but can be transmitted to humans through skin contact, ingestion, or inhalation of spores.Cutaneous anthrax, the most common form, typically results from direct contact with bacterial spores through skin abrasions and is generally less severe. Gastrointestinal anthrax results from eating undercooked or contaminated meat. It affects the mouth, throat, or...
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Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

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Efficient Method for Imaging Murine Lungs that Preserves Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Spores in the Airways
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Published on: December 13, 2024

Airborne asbestos in buildings.

R J Lee1, D R Van Orden

  • 1RJ Lee Group, Inc., 350 Hochberg Road, Monroeville, PA 15146, USA.

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP
|November 17, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Airborne asbestos concentrations in buildings nationwide are low, even in structures with asbestos-containing materials (ACM). This study found no significant health risk to building occupants from airborne asbestos.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Occupational Health
  • Building Science

Background:

  • Asbestos-containing materials (ACM) are present in many buildings nationwide.
  • Litigation concerning potential health hazards from ACM exposure is common.
  • Accurate measurement of airborne asbestos is crucial for risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify nationwide airborne asbestos concentrations in buildings with ACM.
  • To assess the potential health risks to building occupants.
  • To compare indoor asbestos levels with outdoor background concentrations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 3978 indoor air samples from 752 buildings using transmission electron microscopy.
  • Sampling conducted over approximately 32 man-years.

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Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an (A)BSL-4 Laboratory: 3. Aerobiology

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  • Comparison of results with established regulatory levels and outdoor background concentrations.

    • Main Results:

    • The average concentration of airborne asbestos structures was 0.01 structures/ml.
    • The average concentration of airborne asbestos fibers >= 5 micrometers (microm) long was 0.00012 fibers/ml (f/ml).
    • 99.9% of samples had <0.01 f/ml for fibers longer than 5 microm; no building averaged above 0.004 f/ml.
    • Asbestos was not detected in 27% of buildings; 90% had no optically detectable asbestos (> or = 5 microm long and > or = 0.25 microm wide).
    • Background outdoor concentrations were 0.0003 f/ml (>= 5 microm).

    Conclusions:

    • In-place ACM does not lead to elevated airborne asbestos levels in buildings.
    • Building occupants are not at a significantly increased risk from airborne asbestos.
    • Current asbestos management practices appear effective in maintaining safe indoor air quality.