Introduction. The boreal forest and global change

Recent advancements in remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) allow sub-meter resolution, ideal for forest recovery monitoring. Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) enables deeper insights from large remotely sensed datasets. This protocol improves monitoring by supporting more efficient assessment and management of forested lands recovering from...

The Global Positioning System (GPS) revolutionized positioning on Earth, providing precise location data through satellite ranging. The GPS system was developed in 1978 by the U.S. Department of Defense  for military use, and it became available for civilian applications in 1983, transforming fields including navigation, fleet management, and time synchronization for telecommunications systems.GPS consists of satellites in medium Earth orbit, about 20,200 kilometers above the surface,...

Ice storms are important weather events that are challenging to study because of difficulties in predicting their occurrence. Here, we describe a novel method for simulating ice storms that involves spraying water over a forest canopy during sub-freezing...

Repeated soil sampling has recently been shown to be an effective way to monitor forest soil change over years and decades. To support its use, a protocol is presented that synthesizes the latest information on soil resampling methods to aid in the design and implementation of successful soil monitoring...

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.

Expanding business operations beyond national boundaries involves creating a cohesive strategy that maintains a consistent brand presence while addressing various regions' unique cultural, economic, and regulatory characteristics. This strategic approach is known as global marketing.
Global marketing offers several key opportunities. It enables companies to access diverse markets, leverage economies of scale by producing goods in larger quantities, and achieve cost efficiencies. Companies...