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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Menses Phase01:18

Menses Phase

The uterine cycle begins with the menstrual phase, which is considered day one of the cycle and typically lasts about five days. This phase is characterized by the degeneration and shedding of the stratum functionalis, the functional layer of the endometrium.
When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates, causing a significant drop in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. This hormonal decrease triggers the release of prostaglandins, which cause the uterine...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...

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Related Experiment Videos

Menorrhagia and bleeding disorders.

Ihab El-Hemaidi1, Amer Gharaibeh, Hassan Shehata

  • 1Department of Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, London, UK.

Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology
|November 17, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Undiagnosed bleeding disorders are common in women with heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia), increasing surgical risks. Early diagnosis and management of these conditions can reduce hysterectomies and improve women's health.

Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Menorrhagia affects 30% of women of reproductive age.
  • Surgical intervention is often pursued without investigating underlying bleeding disorders.
  • This can lead to increased surgical complications, negative health impacts, and financial burdens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically appraise the current literature on bleeding disorders in women with menorrhagia.
  • To highlight the prevalence of undiagnosed bleeding disorders in this population.
  • To emphasize the potential benefits of diagnosing and managing bleeding disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and critical appraisal of existing studies.
  • Analysis of reported prevalence rates of bleeding disorders in women with menorrhagia.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of the link between bleeding disorders and surgical intervention rates.

    • Main Results:

    • Bleeding disorders, such as von Willebrand's disease and platelet function disorders, are prevalent in 10-20% of women with menorrhagia, and higher in adolescents.
    • Community prevalence of bleeding disorders is estimated at 2%, but significantly higher in women experiencing menorrhagia.
    • In 50% of menorrhagia cases, no organic pathology is found, leading to a diagnosis of dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

    Conclusions:

    • Diagnosing and managing bleeding disorders in women with menorrhagia may reduce the need for hysterectomy.
    • This approach can positively impact women's health and psychological well-being.
    • It also offers potential financial benefits to the healthcare system by reducing unnecessary surgeries.