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Superstrate index control of waveguide grating reflectivity.

S Pissadakis, M N Zervas, D A Sager

    Optics Letters
    |November 17, 2007
    PubMed
    Summary

    Adjusting liquid refractive index controls grating reflectivity in high-index films on glass waveguides. This method enhances optical signal control for telecommunications applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and optical engineering
    • Materials science for optical devices

    Background:

    • High-index films on waveguides are crucial for optical devices.
    • Controlling grating reflectivity is essential for signal management in optical systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate control over relief grating reflectivity in a high-index film waveguide by tuning the superstrate's refractive index.
    • To investigate the polarization-dependent response of the grating to refractive index changes.

    Main Methods:

    • Inscribing weak gratings (reflecting at 1531 nm) using UV laser ablation on a high-index film over a monomode glass waveguide.
    • Measuring grating reflectivity by comparing transmission at the Bragg wavelength (1531 nm) to off-band (1536 nm).
    • Applying liquids with varying refractive indices as a superstrate to modulate reflectivity.

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    Main Results:

    • Grating reflectivity was minimal (<0.3 dB) with an air superstrate for both TE and TM polarizations.
    • TE polarization reflectivity increased to 20.5 dB with a liquid of refractive index 1.45.
    • TM polarization reflectivity reached 27 dB with a liquid of refractive index 1.50.
    • Experimental results showed good agreement with a beam propagation theoretical model.

    Conclusions:

    • Superstrate refractive index is an effective parameter for tuning relief grating reflectivity in high-index film waveguides.
    • The demonstrated tunability offers a pathway for developing reconfigurable optical components.
    • Polarization-dependent control of reflectivity was achieved, highlighting potential for advanced optical signal processing.