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Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
12:18

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

Published on: August 5, 2013

Whispering-gallery mode terahertz pulses.

Jiangquan Zhang, D Grischkowsky

    Optics Letters
    |November 17, 2007
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers observed terahertz (THz) pulses using whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) in a dielectric cylinder for the first time. This breakthrough enables new possibilities for THz wave manipulation and applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Condensed Matter Physics
    • Electromagnetism

    Background:

    • Whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) are confined electromagnetic waves on the surface of dielectric resonators.
    • Terahertz (THz) technology is rapidly advancing, with applications in imaging, spectroscopy, and communications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate the propagation of subpicosecond terahertz pulses as WGMs in a dielectric cylinder.
    • To investigate the coupling of THz pulses into and out of a silicon cylinder using a waveguide.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a 5-mm-diameter silicon cylinder and a 100-μm-thick single-mode silicon slab waveguide.
    • Coupled subpicosecond terahertz pulses into and out of the cylinder.
    • Analyzed the system using coupled-mode equations.

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    Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors
    08:32

    Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors

    Published on: January 29, 2013

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    Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

    Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
    12:18

    Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

    Published on: August 5, 2013

    Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors
    08:32

    Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors

    Published on: January 29, 2013

    Main Results:

    • Observed two round-trip cylindrical cavity pulses.
    • Achieved a continuous frequency range from 0.4 to 1.8 THz.
    • Demonstrated good agreement between experimental results and theoretical analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • Successfully demonstrated the first observation of THz pulses propagating as WGMs in a dielectric cylinder.
    • Validated the effectiveness of the coupled-mode equations for analyzing such systems.
    • Opened new avenues for THz wave manipulation and device development.