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Chance as an explanatory factor in evolutionary biology
1Department of Philosophy, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045.
History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
|January 1, 1991
Summary
Evolutionary biology uses "chance" in distinct ways, not as a weakness but as a vital explanatory tool. Understanding these diverse concepts of chance is crucial for a complete picture of evolutionary processes.
Area of Science:
- Evolutionary Biology
- Philosophy of Science
Background:
- Darwinian evolution faces criticism for its reliance on 'chance'.
- Some argue this reliance indicates explanatory limitations in evolutionary theory.
- Defenders of Darwinism sometimes minimize the role of chance in evolution.
Discussion:
- The term 'chance' in evolutionary biology encompasses multiple distinct concepts.
- These concepts are not merely random occurrences but possess essential explanatory functions.
- An historical analysis reveals how key figures like Lamarck, Darwin, and Wright utilized concepts of chance.
Key Insights:
- Different historical figures in evolutionary biology employed specific, functional concepts of chance.
- These concepts align with their scientific objectives and methodologies.
- The varied meanings of 'chance' are integral to understanding evolutionary mechanisms.
Outlook:
- Concepts of chance remain crucial explanatory factors in contemporary evolutionary biology.
- Further assessment of the explanatory status of 'chance' is warranted.
- Recognizing the distinct meanings of chance enhances the explanatory power of evolutionary theory.