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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Investigation into Deep Breathing through Measurement of Ventilatory Parameters and Observation of Breathing Patterns

Investigation into Deep Breathing through Measurement of Ventilatory Parameters and Observation of Breathing Patterns

Published on: September 16, 2019

Ventilatory gas analysis in SCUBA divers using a surface-based measurement system.

R L Jones¹, D Docherty, C A Gaul

¹Department of Medicine, University of Alberta.

Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine : Journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc

|November 21, 2007

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Measuring underwater exercise gas exchange in divers is now possible. A new technique accurately measures oxygen consumption (VO2) and ventilation during self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) diving.

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Area of Science:

Physiology
Biotechnology
Marine Biology

Background:

Measuring gas exchange in submerged divers presents technological challenges, particularly simulating underwater pressure on expired gas.
Existing methods are often complicated by the risk of regulator free-flow, affecting data accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a novel, simple method for acquiring expired gas from exercising divers for surface analysis.
To validate this technique for measuring metabolic responses during self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) diving.

Main Methods:

A flat collapsible tube was used downstream of the SCUBA regulator's expiration valve to collect expired gas.
12 divers underwent graded exercise to exhaustion, swimming on the surface and underwater at 1.8m using a tethered system.
Expired gas was analyzed using a standard metabolic measurement system.

Main Results:

Peak minute ventilation during surface swimming and SCUBA diving was not significantly different.
Peak oxygen consumption (VO2) was significantly lower during SCUBA diving compared to surface swimming (p < 0.0001).
A significant positive correlation was found between peak VO2 during SCUBA and surface swimming (p = 0.0002).

Conclusions:

The developed technique allows for accurate measurement of VO2 and ventilation in SCUBA divers during underwater exercise.
This simple method is valuable for researchers studying the energy demands of shallow water diving activities.