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Updated: Jul 10, 2026
11:12
Immunometabolic Circuits in Infection for Advancing Host Directed Therapies
Published on: September 13, 2024
Steroid metabolism and immunity: therapeutic implications
1Department of Bacteriology and Academic Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, University College London Medical School, London, England.
Summary
Glucocorticoids are immunoregulatory, not just immunosuppressants. Their effects depend on diurnal rhythms, metabolism, and interactions with other steroids, revealing new therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Glucocorticoids are commonly viewed as immunosuppressants.
- However, they possess complex immunoregulatory roles, exhibiting both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the immune system.
- Tissue-specific glucocorticoid effects are not solely predictable by morning plasma cortisol levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the nuanced immunoregulatory functions of glucocorticoids.
- To explore factors influencing glucocorticoid activity beyond simple concentration.
- To identify novel therapeutic strategies based on a deeper understanding of glucocorticoid action.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of glucocorticoid effects in various tissues.
- Consideration of the diurnal rhythm of glucocorticoid receptor occupancy in T lymphocytes.
- Investigation of systemic and local steroid metabolism, including antiglucocorticoid properties of dehydroepiandrosterone metabolites.
Main Results:
- Glucocorticoid actions are influenced by diurnal variations and receptor availability.
- Steroid metabolism, both within the body and specific tissues, significantly modulates glucocorticoid effects.
- Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate metabolites possess antiglucocorticoid properties.
Conclusions:
- Glucocorticoid effects are complex and context-dependent, influenced by diurnal rhythms and metabolism.
- Potential therapeutic targets include modulating the glucocorticoid/dehydroepiandrosterone balance and diurnal rhythm.
- Developing enzyme inhibitors for steroid metabolism and novel combination therapies offers promising avenues for future treatments.
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