Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...

Cross-reactivity

Cross-reactivity

Vaccinations

Vaccinations

Chickenpox

Chickenpox

Chickenpox is an acute, highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Herpesviridae family. Its transmission occurs primarily through the inhalation of respiratory droplets or direct contact with vesicular fluid from skin lesions. The incubation period typically ranges from 10 to 21 days, during which the virus replicates and disseminates through sequential phases within the host. Although generally self-limiting in children,...

Yellow Fever

Yellow Fever

Yellow fever is a viral hemorrhagic disease caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. It is transmitted primarily by Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South America. After transmission through a mosquito bite, the virus initially replicates in skin-resident immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. These cells then migrate to the lymph nodes, where viral replication increases, eventually leading to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Is female sex a risk factor for stroke and thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians·2014

Same author

No lasting legacy: no change in reporting of women's sports in the British print media with the London 2012 Olympics and Paralympics.

Journal of public health (Oxford, England)·2014

Same author

Levetiracetam.

CNS drugs·2013

Same author

Becaplermin.

BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy·2007

Same author

Recombinant Mammalian Cell-Derived Somatropin: A Review of its Pharmacological Properties and Therapeutic Potential in the Management of Wasting Associated with HIV Infection.

BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy·2007

Same author

Interferon-alpha-n1: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in the management of chronic viral hepatitis.

BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy·2007

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Published on: December 15, 2023

Combination hepatitis a-hepatitis B vaccine.

A J Wagstaff¹, J A Balfour

¹Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand.

Biodrugs : Clinical Immunotherapeutics, Biopharmaceuticals and Gene Therapy

|November 21, 2007

Summary

This new combination vaccine for hepatitis A and hepatitis B is highly immunogenic in adults and children. It offers fewer injections and lower costs compared to separate vaccines.

Area of Science:

Hepatology
Vaccinology
Immunology

Background:

Hepatitis A and B are significant global health concerns.
Combined vaccination strategies can improve patient compliance and reduce healthcare costs.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a combined hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccine.
To compare the efficacy of the combination vaccine with separately administered vaccines.

Main Methods:

The study involved adult, older adult, and pediatric formulations of the vaccine.
Immunogenicity was assessed following a 3-dose schedule (0, 1, and 6 months).
Adverse reactions were monitored throughout the study.

Main Results:

More Related Videos

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Published on: December 15, 2023

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

The combination vaccine demonstrated high immunogenicity in healthy young adults.
Adequate immunogenicity was observed in older adults and children.
The immunogenicity profile was comparable to that of separate hepatitis A and B vaccines.
Local reactions like injection site soreness were common with the first dose but decreased with subsequent doses.
Systemic reactions were mild and not causally linked to the vaccine.

Conclusions:

The combination hepatitis A-hepatitis B vaccine is highly immunogenic and safe across different age groups.
This vaccine offers potential advantages including fewer injections and reduced costs.
The findings support the use of this combination vaccine for routine immunization programs.