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Related Concept Videos

Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...

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Focus Formation: A Cell-based Assay to Determine the Oncogenic Potential of a Gene
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FOXM1, a typical proliferation-associated transcription factor.

Inken Wierstra1, Jürgen Alves

  • 1Wissmannstr. 17, D-30173 Hannover, Germany. iwiwiwi@web.de

Biological Chemistry
|November 21, 2007
PubMed
Summary

The Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) transcription factor drives cell proliferation and mitosis. Dysregulation of FOXM1 is linked to cancer initiation and progression, highlighting its critical role in cell cycle control.

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • FOXM1 is a key transcription factor regulating cell proliferation and mitosis.
  • It controls cell cycle progression by influencing genes involved in G1/S and G2/M transitions.
  • FOXM1's expression and activity are modulated by proliferation and anti-proliferation signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of FOXM1.
  • To elucidate FOXM1's distinct transactivation mechanisms.
  • To examine FOXM1's role in cell cycle regulation and tumorigenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of FOXM1 research.
  • Analysis of FOXM1's regulatory roles in cell cycle.
  • Investigation of FOXM1's involvement in cancer.

Main Results:

  • FOXM1 promotes entry into S-phase and M-phase, essential for cell division.
  • FOXM1 utilizes two distinct transactivation mechanisms, including direct promoter activation.
  • FOXM1 is implicated in both the initiation and progression of tumors.

Conclusions:

  • FOXM1 is a critical regulator of normal cell cycle progression.
  • Dysregulation of FOXM1 contributes significantly to tumorigenesis.
  • Understanding FOXM1's mechanisms is vital for cancer research and therapy.