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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice
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Regulatory CD4+ CD25+ T cells prevent thymic dysfunction in experimental chronic colitis.

C Veltkamp1, R Ruhwald, R Veltkamp

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany. claudia_veltkamp@med.uni-heidelberg.de

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology
|November 21, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Early transfer of regulatory CD4+ CD25+ T cells prevents thymic dysfunction and subsequent immune-mediated bowel inflammation in T-cell deficient mice. This intervention normalizes thymic T-cell populations, crucial for preventing colitis development.

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Published on: June 22, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Transplantation immunology

Background:

  • Chronic colitis in Tg epsilon26 mice stems from thymic dysfunction post-bone marrow (BM) transplantation, leading to colitogenic T cells.
  • Regulatory CD4+ CD25+ T cells can prevent colitis by normalizing peripheral T-cell pools in this model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether T-cell normalization, mediated by regulatory CD4+ CD25+ T cells, occurs within the thymus.
  • To determine the impact of early versus late CD4+ CD25+ T cell transfer on thymic architecture and function.

Main Methods:

  • Bone marrow transplantation into T-cell deficient Tg epsilon26 mice.
  • Transfer of either CD4+ CD25+ or CD4+ CD25- cells from wild-type mice post-BM transplantation.
  • Analysis of thymic T-cell populations (thymocytes, CD4+ CD8+, CD4+ Foxp3+) at different time points.

Main Results:

  • Early transfer of CD4+ CD25+ T cells normalized thymocyte numbers and CD4+ CD8+ cell distribution in transplanted mice.
  • Delayed transfer (after 7 days) of CD4+ CD25+ cells failed to prevent abnormal thymic T-cell distribution.
  • CD4+ CD25+ T cell transfer alone, without BM transplantation, did not restore thymic architecture.
  • Even without colitis, early CD4+ CD25+ T cell recipients showed higher percentages of CD4+ CD25+ and CD4+ Foxp3+ thymocytes.

Conclusions:

  • Early cotransfer of regulatory CD4+ CD25+ T cells is critical for preventing thymic dysfunction.
  • Preventing thymic dysfunction early is key to halting the development of immune-mediated bowel inflammation in this model.
  • The thymus is a crucial site for the regulatory action of CD4+ CD25+ T cells in preventing colitis.