Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay01:27

Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay

The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is  a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological states or needs.
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the stimulus...
Spinal Cord: Information Processing01:10

Spinal Cord: Information Processing

The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
Sensory Information Processing
Sensory information processing begins at the sensory receptors located in the skin and other tissues, which detect somatic sensory stimuli such as touch, temperature, or pain. These receptors function as catalysts, initiating...
The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation01:19

The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation

A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Risk-adapted intensification therapy in high-risk prostate cancer: how relevant is the role of radiation dose.

Radiation oncology (London, England)·2025
Same author

Dosimetric impact of rectum and bladder anatomy and intrafractional prostate motion on hypofractionated prostate radiation therapy.

Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico·2021
Same author

Impact of rectum and bladder anatomy in intrafractional prostate motion during hypofractionated radiation therapy.

Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico·2018
Same author

Characterization and simulation of noise in PET images reconstructed with OSEM: Development of a method for the generation of synthetic images.

Revista espanola de medicina nuclear e imagen molecular·2018
Same author

Robert F. Schmidt Ph.D., Prof. Dr. med. D. Sc. h.c. 1932-2017 Facets of a life for science.

European journal of pain (London, England)·2018
Same author

Fluorescent Labeling and 2-Photon Imaging of Mouse Tooth Pulp Nociceptors.

Journal of dental research·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

In Vivo Calcium Imaging of Neuronal Ensembles in Networks of Primary Sensory Neurons in Intact Trigeminal Ganglia
07:55

In Vivo Calcium Imaging of Neuronal Ensembles in Networks of Primary Sensory Neurons in Intact Trigeminal Ganglia

Published on: August 1, 2025

Ongoing activity in trigeminal wide-dynamic range neurons is driven from the periphery.

M Roch1, K Messlinger, V Kulchitsky

  • 1Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Universitätsstr. 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.

Neuroscience
|November 21, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Ongoing headache may stem from spinal trigeminal neurons. This study shows their activity is driven by peripheral afferent input, not spontaneous generation, offering insights into headache mechanisms.

More Related Videos

In-Vivo Calcium Imaging of Sensory Neurons in the Rat Trigeminal Ganglion
04:39

In-Vivo Calcium Imaging of Sensory Neurons in the Rat Trigeminal Ganglion

Published on: February 9, 2024

Computational Modeling of Retinal Neurons for Visual Prosthesis Research - Fundamental Approaches
10:50

Computational Modeling of Retinal Neurons for Visual Prosthesis Research - Fundamental Approaches

Published on: June 21, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

In Vivo Calcium Imaging of Neuronal Ensembles in Networks of Primary Sensory Neurons in Intact Trigeminal Ganglia
07:55

In Vivo Calcium Imaging of Neuronal Ensembles in Networks of Primary Sensory Neurons in Intact Trigeminal Ganglia

Published on: August 1, 2025

In-Vivo Calcium Imaging of Sensory Neurons in the Rat Trigeminal Ganglion
04:39

In-Vivo Calcium Imaging of Sensory Neurons in the Rat Trigeminal Ganglion

Published on: February 9, 2024

Computational Modeling of Retinal Neurons for Visual Prosthesis Research - Fundamental Approaches
10:50

Computational Modeling of Retinal Neurons for Visual Prosthesis Research - Fundamental Approaches

Published on: June 21, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pain Research

Background:

  • Ongoing activity in spinal trigeminal neurons is implicated in headache pathogenesis.
  • This activity can originate intrinsically, from descending influences, or afferent input.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if ongoing neuronal activity in the spinal trigeminal nucleus originates from peripheral afferent input.
  • To differentiate the sources of ongoing activity in oral (Sp5O) and caudal (Sp5C) subnuclei.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded single wide-dynamic range (WDR) neuron activity in Sp5O and Sp5C of anesthetized rats.
  • Utilized von Frey filaments to assess peripheral receptive fields.
  • Applied lidocaine or saline to the dura mater and trigeminal ganglion divisions (V1/V2, V3).

Main Results:

  • Lidocaine on the dura reduced mechanical sensitivity but not ongoing activity.
  • Trigeminal ganglion microinjection of lidocaine significantly reduced receptive field size and WDR neuron activity.
  • Blockade of the trigeminal ganglion abolished ongoing activity, correlating with receptive field insensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Ongoing activity of WDR neurons in the spinal trigeminal nucleus is driven by peripheral afferent input.
  • This finding suggests that central sensitization processes in headache may be initiated or maintained by continuous peripheral signals.