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Bacillus cereus in free-stall bedding.

M Magnusson¹, B Svensson, C Kolstrup

¹Department of Agricultural Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden. madeleine.magnusson@ltj.slu.se

Journal of Dairy Science

|November 21, 2007

Summary

Bacterial growth of Bacillus cereus and coliforms is high in dairy cattle deep sawdust beds. Daily bedding and full replacement can reduce Bacillus cereus spores, but management strategies need further study.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Microbiology
Animal Science
Environmental Health

Background:

Deep sawdust beds are common in dairy cattle housing.
High bacterial counts, including Bacillus cereus and coliforms, are frequently found in these bedding materials.
Understanding factors influencing bacterial growth is crucial for animal health and welfare.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the microbiological status of Bacillus cereus and coliforms in deep sawdust beds.
To identify factors affecting bacterial growth in bedding materials.
To evaluate management strategies for reducing bacterial loads.

Main Methods:

Microbiological analysis of deep sawdust beds over two 14-day periods.
Laboratory experiments to test the effects of bedding type, pH, nutrients, feces, urine, and dry matter content on bacterial growth.

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Field study evaluating the impact of daily bedding and full bed replacement on bacterial counts.

Main Results:

High counts of Bacillus cereus (spores and vegetative cells) and coliforms were present in sawdust beds, particularly in layers contacting cow udders.
Bedding type (peat inhibited growth), pH, nutrient availability, and feces presence influenced Bacillus cereus growth.
Dry matter content above 70% in sawdust was needed to inhibit growth (water activity < 0.95).
Daily bedding reduced Bacillus cereus spore counts by 0.9 log units compared to twice-weekly bedding.
Full bed replacement provided only short-term reduction in bacterial counts.

Conclusions:

Factors such as bedding material, pH, nutrients, and feces significantly impact bacterial growth in dairy cattle bedding.
Management practices like daily bedding can help reduce Bacillus cereus spore loads.
Further research is needed to develop effective long-term strategies for controlling bacterial contamination in deep bedding systems.