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Blood glucose and cerebrovascular disease in nondiabetic patients

Christopher Nielson1, Richard M Fleming

  • 1University of Nevada Reno School of Medicine, NV, USA. cnielson@med.unr.edu

Angiology
|November 21, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Elevated blood glucose levels, even in the impaired fasting glucose range, significantly increase the risk of cerebrovascular disease in nondiabetic individuals. This finding highlights the importance of monitoring glucose for stroke prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a prediabetic state.
  • Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) encompasses conditions like stroke and transient ischemic attacks (TIA).
  • The association between IFG and CVD risk in nondiabetic individuals requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between elevated blood glucose levels within the IFG range and the incidence of cerebrovascular disease.
  • To assess this risk specifically in patients without diagnosed diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 28,477 nondiabetic patients' medical records.
  • Evaluation of baseline morning blood glucose levels (mg/dL) and subsequent diagnoses of stroke or TIA.
  • Statistical analysis using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Higher baseline glucose (100-126 mg/dL vs. <100 mg/dL) was linked to a 31% increase in CVD diagnoses.
  • Incidence rates were 5.3 per 1000 patient-years for glucose >100 mg/dL versus 3.9 for glucose <100 mg/dL (P < .001).
  • Adjusted Cox model showed an increased hazard for CVD events (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.05-1.46) with elevated fasting glucose.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated fasting blood glucose levels, even below the diabetic threshold, are significantly associated with a higher risk of developing cerebrovascular disease.
  • These findings underscore the importance of identifying and managing IFG to mitigate CVD risk in the general population.
  • Further research into the mechanisms linking IFG to CVD is warranted.

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