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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity

Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity

Published on: April 26, 2012

Arsenic neurotoxicity--a review.

A Vahidnia¹, G B van der Voet, F A de Wolff

¹Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Human & Experimental Toxicology

|November 21, 2007

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic arsenic (As) toxicity is a global health issue, contaminating water and food. Exposure leads to severe health effects, including neurotoxicity, by disrupting cellular enzymes and cytoskeletal proteins.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Health
Toxicology
Neuroscience

Background:

Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid with historical uses and widespread environmental release.
Chronic arsenic toxicity is a significant global health problem, impacting millions worldwide through contaminated drinking water and agricultural products.
Arsenic contamination in groundwater exceeds the World Health Organization's (WHO) guideline of 10 parts per billion (ppb).

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the mechanisms of arsenic-induced neurotoxicity.
To understand the long-term health effects of arsenic exposure.
To investigate the biochemical pathways affected by arsenic in the body.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on arsenic toxicity and health effects.
Analysis of clinical features and electrophysiological studies in patients with arsenic neuropathy.
Biochemical examination of arsenic's interaction with enzymes and proteins.

Main Results:

Arsenic exposure causes severe, variable health effects including cancers and neurological disorders.
Arsenic neuropathy presents as symmetrical sensorimotor neuropathy with reduced nerve conduction velocity, indicative of axonal degeneration.
Arsenic inhibits enzyme activity by reacting with thiol groups and causes cytoskeletal protein changes and hyperphosphorylation, leading to neurotoxicity.

Conclusions:

Arsenic toxicity poses a significant environmental and health risk globally.
Arsenic-induced neurotoxicity involves enzyme inhibition and disruption of the neuronal cytoskeleton.
Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate arsenic's adverse health effects.