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Related Concept Videos

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
G-Protein Gated Ion Channels01:21

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory organs,...
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.

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A Simple and Inexpensive Method for Determining Cold Sensitivity and Adaptation in Mice
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Published on: March 17, 2015

P2X3 receptor gating near normal body temperature.

V Khmyz1, O Maximyuk, V Teslenko

  • 1Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Bogomoletz street 4, Kyiv-24, Ukraine.

Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology
|November 21, 2007
PubMed
Summary

P2X3 receptors rapidly desensitize but recover slowly. Their high-affinity binding site (HABS) function is temperature-dependent, impacting ATP sensitivity and receptor operation in sensory neurons.

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

A Simple and Inexpensive Method for Determining Cold Sensitivity and Adaptation in Mice
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Yeast Luminometric and Xenopus Oocyte Electrophysiological Examinations of the Molecular Mechanosensitivity of TRPV4
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Proteomics to Identify Proteins Interacting with P2X2 Ligand-Gated Cation Channels
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Proteomics to Identify Proteins Interacting with P2X2 Ligand-Gated Cation Channels

Published on: May 18, 2009

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • P2X3 purinoreceptors in sensory neurons mediate pain, touch, and temperature sensation.
  • These receptors exhibit rapid desensitization and slow recovery, influenced by a high-affinity binding site (HABS) that traps ATP.
  • Understanding P2X3 receptor kinetics is crucial for deciphering sensory processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temperature-dependent properties of P2X3 receptor desensitization and recovery.
  • To characterize the temperature sensitivity of the high-affinity binding site (HABS) for ATP.
  • To explore the implications of these properties for P2X3 receptor function in thermal sensation.

Main Methods:

  • Electrophysiological recordings of P2X3 receptor activity.
  • Assessment of desensitization and recovery kinetics at varying temperatures (25-40°C).
  • Determination of ATP sensitivity (IC50) for HABS at different temperatures.

Main Results:

  • P2X3 receptor desensitization kinetics are temperature-independent between 25-40°C.
  • Recovery from desensitization is significantly accelerated by increasing temperature (Q10 ≈ 10).
  • HABS ATP sensitivity decreases at higher temperatures (35°C vs. 25°C), and HABS itself desensitizes, allowing receptor function up to 30 nM ATP at 35°C.

Conclusions:

  • P2X3 receptors display an unusual combination of temperature-insensitive desensitization and temperature-sensitive recovery.
  • Altered HABS affinity and function at body temperature influence P2X3 receptor activity.
  • These temperature-dependent characteristics may be vital for the receptor's role in thermal sensitivity processing.