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Probiotics

Probiotics

Probiotics are live, non-pathogenic microorganisms that confer health benefits by modulating the gut microbiota. The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, and the balance of this microbiota is crucial for digestive and systemic health. Among the most extensively studied and utilized probiotics are species formerly classified within the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These organisms not only naturally colonize the human gut but are also consumed through...

Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics

Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics

Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...

Development of Human Microbiota

Development of Human Microbiota

The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.

Microbes in the Production of Fermented Foods

Microbes in the Production of Fermented Foods

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and molds are instrumental in fermenting plant-based foods to enhance preservation and ensure year-round availability. These microbial processes convert plant carbohydrates into organic acids and other metabolites that inhibit spoilage organisms and contribute to the sensory qualities of the final product.In sauerkraut production, cabbage goes through a microbial succession that starts with cocci such as Leuconostoc mesenteroides. These microbes begin fermentation by...

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...

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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods

Published on: September 10, 2016

New frontiers in probiotic research.

R D Sleator¹, C Hill

¹Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. r.sleator@ucc.ie

Letters in Applied Microbiology

|November 22, 2007

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Probiotics, beneficial bacterial cultures, offer new therapeutic options for infections, cancer, and allergies. Advances in patho-biotechnology are enhancing probiotic production, delivery, and efficacy, including tailored

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods

Published on: September 10, 2016

Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage

Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage

Published on: January 27, 2019

Prospecting Microbial Strains for Bioremediation and Probiotics Development for Metaorganism Research and Preservation

Prospecting Microbial Strains for Bioremediation and Probiotics Development for Metaorganism Research and Preservation

Published on: October 31, 2019

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Biotechnology
Immunology

Background:

Rising antibiotic resistance necessitates novel therapeutic strategies.
Increasing cancer and allergic conditions in aging populations require alternative treatments.
Probiotics show potential in managing infections, cancer, and atopic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in probiotic technology.
To explore the role of patho-biotechnology in improving probiotics.
To discuss the development of 'designer probiotics'.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent scientific publications.
Analysis of advancements in probiotic production and delivery systems.
Examination of clinical efficacy studies for various probiotic applications.

Main Results:

Patho-biotechnology is enhancing probiotic production and delivery.
'Designer probiotics' are being developed for targeted pathogen and toxin management.
Probiotics demonstrate efficacy in reducing infection, cancer recurrence, and atopic conditions.

Conclusions:

Probiotics represent a promising alternative for managing infectious diseases, cancer, and allergies.
Advancements in patho-biotechnology are crucial for optimizing probiotic therapeutic potential.
Tailored 'designer probiotics' offer a future direction for precision medicine.